Research Bibliography

“2014 History (Lower Secondary) Syllabus.” Accessed August 8, 2018. https://www.moe.gov.sg/docs/default-source/document/education/syllabuses/humanities/files/2017-history-(lower-secondary)-syllabus.pdf.

“2017 History Upper-Secondary Syllabus.Pdf.” Accessed August 8, 2018. https://www.moe.gov.sg/docs/default-source/document/education/syllabuses/humanities/files/2017-history-(upper-secondary)-syllabus.pdf.

Afandi, Suhaimi, and Mark Baildon. “History Education in Singapore.” In Contemporary Public Debates Over History Education, edited by Irene Nakou and Isabel Barca, 223–42. International Review of History Education. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing, Inc., 2010.

Afandi, Suhaimi Mohamed. “Conceptions about the Nature of Accounts in History: An Exploratory Study of Students’ Ideas and Teachers’ Assumptions about Students’ Understandings in Singapore.” Ph.D., University of London Institute of Education, 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020665/.

Agnew, Vanessa. “History’s Affective Turn: Historical Reenactment and Its Work in the Present.” Rethinking History 11, no. 3 (September 2007): 299–312. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642520701353108.

Alhabash, Saleem, and Mengyan Ma. “A Tale of Four Platforms: Motivations and Uses of Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat Among College Students?” Social Media + Society 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 2056305117691544. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305117691544.

Allocca, Kevin. Why Videos Go Viral, 2011. https://www.ted.com/talks/kevin_allocca_why_videos_go_viral.

Andrews, Thomas, and Flannery Burke. “What Does It Mean to Think Historically?” Perspectives 45, no. 1 (January 2007). http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/january-2007/what-does-it-mean-to-think-historically.

Astor, Maggie. “South Carolina 5th Graders Are Asked to Explain K.K.K.’s Thinking.” New York Times, September 20, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/20/us/south-carolina-teacher-kkk.html.

Bakhshi, Saeideh, David A. Shamma, and Eric Gilbert. “Faces Engage Us: Photos with Faces Attract More Likes and Comments on Instagram.” In Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems – CHI ’14, 965–74. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: ACM Press, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557403.

Bakhshi, Saeideh, David A. Shamma, Lyndon Kennedy, Yale Song, Paloma de Juan, and Joseph “Jofish” Kaye. “Fast, Cheap, and Good: Why Animated GIFs Engage Us.” In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 575–586. CHI ’16. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858532.

Barton, Keith C. “Historical Understanding among Elementary Children.” D.Ed., University of Kentucky, 1994. https://search.proquest.com/docview/304128747/abstract/5794124B34F6494BPQ/1.

———. “‘You’d Be Wanting to Know About the Past’: Social Contexts of Children’s Historical Understanding.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Diego, CA, 1998. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED426042.pdf.

Barton, Keith C., and Linda S. Levstik. “‘It Wasn’t a Good Part of History’: National Identity and Students’ Explanations of Historical Significance.” Teachers College Record 99, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 478–513.

———. Teaching History for the Common Good. 1 edition. Mahwah, N.J: Routledge, 2004.

Bellino, Michelle. “Historical Understanding and Media Literacy: A Dispositional Alignment.” International Journal of Social Education 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 99–117.

Blake, Christopher. “Historical Empathy: A Response to Foster and Yeager.” International Journal of Social Education 13, no. 1 (April 15, 1998): 25–31.

Blakely, Allison. “Thinking Historically in the Classroom: Allison Blakely.” Perspectives 33, no. 7 (October 1995). http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/october-1995/thinking-historically-in-the-classroom-allison-blakely.

Boissoneault, Lorraine. “A Brief History of the GIF, From Early Internet Innovation to Ubiquitous Relic.” Smithsonian. Accessed October 16, 2018. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/brief-history-gif-early-internet-innovation-ubiquitous-relic-180963543/.

Bonk, Curtis Jay. The World Is Open: How Web Technology Is Revolutionizing Education. San Francisco, Calif.; Chichester: Jossey-Bass ; John Wiley [distributor, 2011.

Bourlai, Elli, and Susan C. Herring. “Multimodal Communication on Tumblr: ‘I Have So Many Feels!’” In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Conference on Web Science, 171–175. WebSci ’14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1145/2615569.2615697.

Bowen, José Antonio. Teaching Naked: How Moving Technology out of Your College Classroom Will Improve Student Learning. First edition. The Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, a Wiley imprint, 2012.

Boyd, Danah. It’s Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens. 1. Aufl. New Haven: Yale University press, 2014.

boyd, danah. “Social Media: A Phenomenon to Be Analyzed.” Social Media + Society 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 2056305115580148. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115580148.

Brabazon, Tara. Digital Dialogues and Community 2.0 after Avatars, Trolls and Puppets. Oxford, U.K.: Chandos Pub., 2012. http://proquestcombo.safaribooksonline.com/9781843346951.

Brabham, Daren C. “Studying Normal, Everyday Social Media.” Social Media + Society 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 2056305115580484. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115580484.

Bradshaw, Matthew. “Creating Controversy in the Classroom: Making Progress with Historical Significance.” Teaching History, no. 125 (2006): 18–25.

Brandtzaeg, Petter Bae, and Marika Lüders. “Time Collapse in Social Media: Extending the Context Collapse.” Social Media + Society 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 2056305118763349. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118763349.

Braun, Virginia, and Victoria Clarke. “Thematic Analysis.” In APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology, Vol 2: Research Designs: Quantitative, Qualitative, Neuropsychological, and Biological., edited by Harris Cooper, Paul M. Camic, Debra L. Long, A. T. Panter, David Rindskopf, and Kenneth J. Sher, 57–71. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1037/13620-004.

Brooks, Sarah. “Historical Empathy as Perspective Recognition and Care in One Secondary Social Studies Classroom.” Theory & Research in Social Education 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 166–202. https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2011.10473452.

Brown, Alexander. “What Is so Special about Online (as Compared to Offline) Hate Speech?” Ethnicities, May 19, 2017, 1468796817709846. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468796817709846.

Brown, John Seely. The Social Life of Information / John Seely Brown and Paul Duguid. Harvard Business School Press, 2000.

Brown, Katherine. “Everyday Iʼm Tumblinʼ: Performing Online Identity through Reaction GIFs.” MA, The School of the Art Institute of Chicago, 2012.

Bulbul, Sahin M. “Using GIF Images in Physics Education.” In Sixth International Conference of the Balkan Physical Union: Istanbul, Turkey, 22-26 August 2006, edited by Iskender Hikmet and Serkant Ali Cetin. AIP Conference Proceedings, v. 899. Melville, N.Y: Amercian Institute of Physics, 2007.

Burgess, Jean, and Joshua Green. YouTube: Online Video and Participatory Culture. Digital Media and Society. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2009.

Calder, Lendol. “Looking for Learning in the History Survey.” Perspectives 40, no. 3 (March 2002): 43–45.

Calder, Lendol, and Steffes, Tracy. “Measuring College Learning in History.” In Improving Quality in American Higher Education: Learning Outcomes and Assessments for the 21st Century, edited by Richard Arum, Josipa Roksa, and Amanda Cook, 37–86. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2016.

Carr, Edward Hallet. What Is History? 1 edition. Princeton, N.J.: Vintage, 1967.

Casper, S. E. “Starting Places: Studying How Students Understand History.” Journal of American History 94, no. 4 (March 1, 2008): 1184–85. https://doi.org/10.2307/25095325.

Caulfield, Mike. “Web Literacy for Student Fact-Checkers – Simple Book Production.” Accessed February 11, 2019. https://webliteracy.pressbooks.com/.

Cercadillo, Lis. “‘Maybe They Haven’t Decided yet What Is Right:’ English and Spanish Perspectives on Teaching Historical Significance.” Teaching History, no. 125 (2006): 6–9.

———. “Significance in History: Students’ Ideas in England and Spain.” In Raising Standards in History Education, edited by Alaric Dickinson, Peter Gordon, and Peter Lee, 116–45. London; Portland, OR: Woburn Press, 2001.

Chen, Weixuan “Vincent,” Ognjen Rudovic, and Rosalind W. Picard. “GIFGIF+: Collecting Emotional Animated GIFs with Clustered Multi-Task Learning.” 2017 Seventh International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII), 2017, 410–17. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII.2017.8273647.

Chew, Peter K.H. “Racism in Singapore: A Review and Recommendations for Future Research.” Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 12 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1017/prp.2018.3.

Cho, Alexander. “Queer Reverb.” In Networked Affect, edited by Ken Hillis, Susanna Paasonen, and Michael Petit. MIT Press, 2015. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/networked-affect.

Clark, Andy. Natural-Born Cyborgs: Minds, Technologies, and the Future of Human Intelligence. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.

“Close Reading Protocol.” Facing History and Ourselves. Accessed February 11, 2019. https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/teaching-strategies/close-reading-protocol.

Clough, Michael P, Joanne K Olson, and Dale S Niederhauser, eds. The Nature of Technology Implications for Learning and Teaching. Dordrecht: Springer, 2013. http://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1636867.

Cohen, Daniel J., and Tom Scheinfeldt, eds. Hacking the Academy: New Approaches to Scholarship and Teaching from Digital Humanities. University of Michigan Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3998/dh.12172434.0001.001.

Cohen-Rottenberg, Rachel. “Doing Social Justice: 10 Reasons to Give Up Ableist Language.” Huffington Post (blog), June 10, 2014. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/rachel-cohenrottenberg/doing-social-justice-thou_b_5476271.html.

Collingwood, R.G. The Idea of History. Kindle. London: Clarendon Press, Endeavour Press Ltd, 1946.

“Compare Your Country – PISA 2015.” Accessed June 27, 2018. www.compareyourcountry.org/pisa?lg=en.

Conway, Robin. “What They Think They Know: The Impact of Pupils’ Preconceptions on Their Understanding of Historical Significance.” Teaching History, no. 125 (2006): 10–15.

Coughlin, Mary Mildred (Mimi). “What Counts and Why? Exploring Historical Significance as Constructed by High School United States History Teachers.” Ph.D., Boston College, 2002. http://search.proquest.com/docview/276297514/abstract/EF88091CC8134828PQ/1.

Couldry, Nick, and José van Dijck. “Researching Social Media as If the Social Mattered.” Social Media + Society 1, no. 2 (September 22, 2015): 2056305115604174. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115604174.

Counsell, Christine. “Historical Knowledge and Historical Skills: A Distracting Dichotomy.” In Issues in History Teaching, edited by James Arthur and Robert Phillips, 39–53. London, UK: Routledge, 1999. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/buffalo/detail.action?docID=179959.

———. “Looking through a Josephine-Butler-Shaped Window: Focusing Pupils’ Thinking on Historical Significance.” Teaching History, no. 114 (2004): 30–33.

Dahlberg, Lincoln. “Which Social Media? A Call for Contextualization.” Social Media + Society 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 2056305115578142. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115578142.

Davidson, Cathy N. Now You See It: How the Brain Science of Attention Will Transform the Way We Live, Work, and Learn. New York: Viking, 2011.

———. The New Education: How to Revolutionize the University to Prepare Students for a World in Flux. First edition. New York: Basic Books, 2017.

Davidson, Cathy N., and David Theo Goldberg. The Future of Thinking: Learning Institutions in a Digital Age. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 2010.

Davis, O. L., Elizabeth Anne Yeager, and Stuart J. Foster, eds. Historical Empathy and Perspective Taking in the Social Studies. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 2001.

Delwiche, Aaron Alan, and Jennifer Jacobs Henderson, eds. The Participatory Cultures Handbook. New York: Routledge, 2013.

Denbo, Seth. “Data Storytelling and Historical Knowledge | AHA,” April 2015. https://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/april-2015/data-storytelling-and-historical-knowledge.

Denker, Katherine J., Jimmie Manning, Kyle B. Heuett, and Morgan E. Summers. “Twitter in the Classroom: Modeling Online Communication Attitudes and Student Motivations to Connect.” Computers in Human Behavior 79 (February 1, 2018): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.09.037.

Detenber, Benjamin H., Robert F. Simons, and Gary G. Bennett Jr. “Roll ’em!: The Effects of Picture Motion on Emotional Responses.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 42, no. 1 (1998): 113+.

Deuze, Mark. “A Call for Compassion in Social Media Studies.” Social Media + Society 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 2056305115580333. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115580333.

Diaz, A., J. Middendorf, D. Pace, and L. Shopkow. “The History Learning Project: A Department ‘Decodes’ Its Students.” Journal of American History 94, no. 4 (March 1, 2008): 1211–24. https://doi.org/10.2307/25095328.

Dickinson, Alaric K., ed. History Teaching and Historical Understanding. London: Heinemann, 1978.

Dillenburg, Margery. “Understanding Historical Empathy in the Classroom.” Ed.D., Boston University, 2017. https://search.proquest.com/docview/1915983841/abstract/72862D90B08E4CF5PQ/1.

Driscoll, Marcy P. How People Learn (and What Technology Might Have To Do with It). ERIC Digest. ERIC Clearinghouse on Information & Technology, Syracuse University, 621 Skytop Rd, 2002. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED470032.

“Education System.” Accessed February 11, 2019. https://www.moe.gov.sg/education/education-system.

Elton, G. R. Practice of History. London: Fontana/ Collin, 1987.

Endacott, Jason L. “Reconsidering Affective Engagement in Historical Empathy.” Theory & Research in Social Education 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 6–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2010.10473415.

Endacott, Jason L., and Sarah Brooks. “An Updated Theoretical and Practical Model for Promoting Historical Empathy.” Social Studies Research and Practice 8, no. 1 (2013): 41–58.

Eppink, Jason. “A Brief History of the GIF (so Far).” Journal of Visual Culture 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 298–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470412914553365.

Epstein, Terrie. “Deconstructing Differences in African-American and European-American Adolescents’ Perspectives on U. S. History.” Curriculum Inquiry 28, no. 4 (1998): 397–423.

———. “Sociocultural Approaches to Young People’s Historical Understanding.” Social Education 61, no. 1 (January 1997): 28–31.

Ercikan, Kadriye, and Peter C. Seixas, eds. New Directions in Assessing Historical Thinking. New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

Esra, Altintas, Iigun Şukru, and Kucuk Soner. “Evaluation of Use of Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) Animations in Mathematics Education.” Educational Research and Reviews 12, no. 23 (December 10, 2017): 1112–19. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2017.3369.

Flaherty, Colleen. “Dividing World History.” Inside Higher Ed, June 14, 2018. https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2018/06/14/critics-say-proposed-rewrite-ap-world-history-exam-too-eurocentric.

Foo, Delia Wen Xian. “Students’ Understanding of Historical Significance – a Singapore Case Study.” University of British Columbia, 2014. https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0165901.

Foss, Sonja K., and William Waters. Destination Dissertation: A Traveler’s Guide to a Done Dissertation. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2007.

Foster, Stuart J., and Elizabeth Anne Yeager. “The Role of Empathy in the Development of Historical Understanding.” International Journal of Social Education 13, no. 1 (1998): 1–7.

Frederick, Peter. “Thinking Historically in the Classroom: Peter Frederick.” Perspectives 33, no. 7 (October 1995). http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/october-1995/thinking-historically-in-the-classroom-peter-frederick#.

Frisch, Michael. “American History and the Structures of Collective Memory: A Modest Exercise in Empirical Iconography.” The Journal of American History 75, no. 4 (March 1989): 1130. https://doi.org/10.2307/1908633.

———. “COMMENTARY – Sharing Authority: Oral History and the Collaborative Process.” Oral History Review 30, no. 1 (March 2003): 111–13. https://doi.org/10.1525/ohr.2003.30.1.111.

Garland-Thomson, Rosemarie. “Ways of Staring.” Journal of Visual Culture 5, no. 2 (August 2006): 173–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470412906066907.

Gee, James Paul. New Digital Media and Learning as an Emerging Area and “Worked Examples” as One Way Forward. The John D. and Catherine T. Macarthur Foundation Reports on Digital Media and Learning. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press, 2010.

“GIFs in Education: Embracing Medium for the BuzzFeed Generation.” Accessed November 8, 2018. https://blog.gutenberg-technology.com/en/gifs-in-education.

Goh, Chor Boon, and Saravanan Gopinathan. “History Education and the Construction of National Identity in Singapore, 1945–2000.” In History Education and National Identity in East Asia, edited by Edward Vickers and Alisa Jones. Florence, UNITED KINGDOM: Routledge, 2005. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/buffalo/detail.action?docID=1396925.

Goldman, Kelsey R. “Hashtag Learning: How Online Communities Can Transform Education in the Arts and Humanities.” M.A., Sotheby’s Institute of Art – New York, 2014. https://search.proquest.com/docview/1518117777/abstract/5913807D253742B2PQ/1.

Goulding, James. “Historical Thinking and Social Media.” Agora 46, no. 3 (2011): 11–19.

Grădinaru, Camelia. “The Painting That Moves: The Internet Aesthetics and the Reception of GIFs.” Art Theory & Criticism, no. 16 (2016): 81–91.

Grant, S. G. It’s Just the Facts, or Is It? An Exploration of the Relationship between Teachers’ Practices and Students’ Understandings of History, 1999. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED436466.

Green, Joshua. “Digital Blackface: The Repackaging of the Black Masculine Image.” Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, Miami University, 2006. https://etd.ohiolink.edu/.

Gutierrez, Robert. “Thinking Historically in the Classroom: Robert Gutierrez.” Perspectives 33, no. 7 (October 1995). http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/october-1995/thinking-historically-in-the-classroom-robert-gutierrez.

Han, Christine. “History Education and ‘Asian’ Values for an ‘Asian’ Democracy: The Case of Singapore.” Compare: A Journal of Comparative Education 37, no. 3 (June 2007): 383–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057920701330271.

Harris, Lauren McArthur, and Brian Girard. “Instructional Significance for Teaching History: A Preliminary Framework.” The Journal of Social Studies Research 38, no. 4 (October 2014): 215–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssr.2014.02.003.

Harris, Richard, and Rosemary Reynolds. “The History Curriculum and Its Personal Connection to Students from Minority Ethnic Backgrounds.” Journal of Curriculum Studies 46, no. 4 (July 2014): 464–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2014.881925.

Harris, Tristan. How a Handful of Tech Companies Control Billions of Minds Every Day, 2017. https://www.ted.com/talks/tristan_harris_the_manipulative_tricks_tech_companies_use_to_capture_your_attention.

Hata, Donald Teruo, and Nadine Ishitani Hata. “Thinking Historically in the Classroom: Donald Teruo Hata and Nadine Ishitani Hata.” Perspectives 33, no. 7 (October 1995). http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/october-1995/thinking-historically-in-the-classroom-donald-teruo-hata-and-nadine-ishitani-hata.

Henry, Michael. “History and Humor: A Natural Partnership.” OAH Magazine of History 14, no. 2 (2000): 64–65.

Hillis, Ken, Susanna Paasonen, and Michael Petit, eds. Networked Affect. MIT Press, 2015. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/networked-affect.

Hirsch, Brett D., ed. Digital Humanities Pedagogy: Practices, Principles and Politics. Cambridge: Open Book Publ, 2012.

Ho, Li-Ching. “‘Don’t Worry, I’m Not Going to Report You’: Education for Citizenship in Singapore.” Theory & Research in Social Education 38, no. 2 (April 2010): 217–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2010.10473423.

Holt, Thomas C., and Dennie Wolf. Thinking Historically: Narrative, Imagination, and Understanding. The Thinking Series. New York: College Entrance Examination Board, 1990.

Hong, Lysa, and Jianli Huang. Scripting of A National History: Singapore and Its Pasts. Hong Kong, HONG KONG: Hong Kong University Press, 2008. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/buffalo/detail.action?docID=677281.

Huang, Chun-chieh, and Jörn Rüsen. Chinese Historical Thinking. Vol. Volume 4. Global East Asia, Volume 4. V&R unipress, 2015. https://doi.org/10.14220/9783737004978.

Huber, Linda. “Remix Culture & The Reaction Gif.” Gnovisjournal (blog), February 25, 2015. http://www.gnovisjournal.org/2015/02/25/remix-culture-the-reaction-gif/.

Iasevoli, Brenda. “AP World History Rewrite Draws Criticism From Teachers and Students.” Education Week – Curriculum Matters. Accessed June 15, 2018. http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/curriculum/2018/06/ap_world_history_rewrite_draws_criticism.html?cmp=SOC-SHR-FB.

“Interchange: The Promise of Digital History.” Journal of American History 95, no. 2 (September 1, 2008): 452–91. https://doi.org/10.2307/25095630.

“Is It OK to Use Black Emojis and Gifs?” BBC News. Accessed October 18, 2018. https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-40931479/is-it-ok-to-use-black-emojis-and-gifs.

Jackson, Lauren Michele. “We Need to Talk About Digital Blackface in Reaction GIFs,” August 2, 2017. http://www.teenvogue.com/story/digital-blackface-reaction-gifs.

Jenkins, Henry. Confronting the Challenges of Participatory Culture: Media Education for the 21st Century. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Reports on Digital Media and Learning. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2009.

Jenkins, Henry, Sam Ford, and Joshua Green. Spreadable Media: Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture. Postmillennial Pop. New York ; London: New York University Press, 2013.

Jiang, Jialun “Aaron,” Jed R. Brubaker, and Casey Fiesler. “Understanding Diverse Interpretations of Animated GIFs.” In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1726–32. Denver, Colorado, USA: ACM Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1145/3027063.3053139.

Jiang, Jialun “Aaron,” Casey Fiesler, and Jed R. Brubaker. “‘The Perfect One’: Understanding Communication Practices and Challenges with Animated GIFs.” In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 2:20, 2018.

Jockers, Matthew L. An R Package for the Extraction of Sentiment and Sentiment-Based Plot Arcs from Text: Mjockers/Syuzhet. R, 2019. https://github.com/mjockers/syuzhet.

Jones, Ellen E. “Why Are Memes of Black People Reacting so Popular Online?” The Guardian, July 8, 2018, sec. Culture. https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2018/jul/08/why-are-memes-of-black-people-reacting-so-popular-online.

Kanai, Akane. “Sociality and Classification: Reading Gender, Race, and Class in a Humorous Meme.” Social Media + Society 2, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 2056305116672884. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305116672884.

Kaufman, Linda. “Thinking Historically in the Classroom: Linda Kaufman.” Perspectives 33, no. 7 (October 1995). http://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/october-1995/thinking-historically-in-the-classroom-linda-kaufman.

Kee, Kevin B., ed. Pastplay: Teaching and Learning History with Technology. Digital Humanities. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2014.

Kelly, T. Mills. Teaching History in the Digital Age, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.12146032.0001.001.

Keserich, Charles. “Historical Thinking and History Teaching: A Bibliographic Essay.” The History Teacher 4, no. 2 (January 1971): 18. https://doi.org/10.2307/491391.

Killham, Jennifer, and Prentice Chandler. “From Tweets to Telegrams: Using Social Media to Promote Historical Thinking.” Social Education 80, no. 2 (April 2016): 118–22.

Kohlmeier, Jada. “‘Couldn’t She Just Leave?’: The Relationship Between Consistently Using Class Discussions and the Development of Historical Empathy in a 9th Grade World History Course.” Theory & Research in Social Education 34, no. 1 (2006): 34–57.

Lampinen, Airi. “Deceptively Simple: Unpacking the Notion of ‘Sharing.’” Social Media + Society 1, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 2056305115578135. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115578135.

Lang, Dawei. R Interface to Wordcloud for Data Visualization. Contribute to Lchiffon/Wordcloud2 Development by Creating an Account on GitHub. JavaScript, 2019. https://github.com/Lchiffon/wordcloud2.

Lang, James M. “The Distracted Classroom.” The Chronicle of Higher Education, March 13, 2017. https://www.chronicle.com/article/The-Distracted-Classroom/239446.

Lanham, Richard A. “The Economics of Attention.” Michigan Quarterly Review XXXVI, no. 2 (Spring 1997). http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.act2080.0036.206.

Lee, Hsien Loong. “Speech by DPM Lee Hsien Loong at the Launch of National Education.” TCS TV Theatre, May 1997. http://www.nas.gov.sg/archivesonline/data/pdfdoc/1997051607/lhl19970517s.pdf.

Lee, Peter, and Denis Shemilt. “The Concept That Dares Not Speak Its Name: Should Empathy Come out of the Closet?” Teaching History, no. 143 (2011): 39–49.

Lenhart, Amanda, Mary Madden, Aaron Smith, Kristen Purcell, Kathryn Zickuhr, and Lee Rainie. “Teens, Kindness and Cruelty on Social Network Sites.” Pew Research Center: Internet, Science & Tech (blog), November 9, 2011. http://www.pewinternet.org/2011/11/09/teens-kindness-and-cruelty-on-social-network-sites/.

Lévesque, Stéphane. “Teaching Second-Order Concepts in Canadian History: The Importance of ‘Historical Significance.’” Canadian Social Studies 39, no. 2 (2005). http://www.educ.ualberta.ca/css/Css_39_2/ARLevesque_second-order_concepts.htm.

———. Thinking Historically: Educating Students for the Twenty-First Century. Reprinted in paperback. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 2009.

Levisohn, Jon A. “Historical Thinking — and Its Alleged Unnaturalness.” Educational Philosophy & Theory 49, no. 6 (June 2017): 618–30. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2015.1101364.

Levstik, Linda S., and Keith C. Barton. Doing History: Investigating with Children in Elementary and Middle School. 4. ed. London: Routledge, 2011.

Levstik, Linda S., and Jeanette Groth. “‘Ruled by Our Own People’: Ghanaian Adolescents’ Conceptions of Citizenship.” Teachers College Record 107, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 563–86.

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